Political Science : Politics in India Since Independence 2009 CBSE [ Delhi ] Set II

US hegemony means that it has retained power in the form of military domination, economic power, political clout and cultural superiority in the world politics. It has the dominance over other countries of the world.

The member countries of SAARC are India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Maldives and Pakistan.

It is an international NGO that campaigns for the protection of human rights all over the world. It promotes respect for all the human rights in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Environmental concerns are part of contemporary world politics as they deal with non - traditional security threats like global poverty, health epidemics and environmental degradation etc. These issues got the global recognition in the Earth Summit of 1992.

As a result of globalisation, the nature of the function of the State is changing from ‘welfare state’ to a minimalist State that performs certain core functions such as maintenance of law and order and the security of its citizens. Hence, globalisation is eroding state sovereignty.

The ‘two nation theory’ was behind the partition of India in 1947. It stated that Muslims and Hindus were two separate ‘people’ , and, therefore, Muslims should have an autonomous homeland in the Muslim majority areas of British India for safeguarding their political, cultural, and social rights, within or without a United India.

NPT is Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and CTBT is Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.

P.C.Mahalanobis was the famous scientist and statistician of international repute. He was the founder of Indian Statistical Institute and the architect of the Second- Five-Year Plan.

India did not join any of the two organisations (NATO and SEATO), as it was worried that it would divide the world into two blocs and they would soon lose their newly attained independence.

The protection of a nation from attack or from any other danger by maintaining adequate armed forces and guarding state secrets is called territorial security. It is required to maintain economic relations with the rest of the world on reasonable terms and to control the borders.