POLITICAL SCIENCE: 2018: CBSE [DELHI] Set-I

Ideology followed by US was liberal democracy and capitalism whereas USSR was committed to the ideology of Socialism and communism.

(c) The Institutional structure of American State itself.

Apart from the arrests of political workers and the restrictions on the press, during emergency civil rights of the common people were snatched by the government. This is the main reason for people’s disliking of national emergency.

Two advantages of Popular movements are:-

(i) Popular movements ensure effective representation of diverse groups and their demands.

(ii) These movements reduce the possibility of deep social conflicts.

It was a movement where people saved the trees from cutting by hugging the trees. In Hindi, hugging is referred to chipko. It gave the name to this movement as Chipko Movement.

(i) In Russia, the large state-controlled industrial complex almost collapsed, as about ninety per cent of its industries were put up for sale to private individuals and companies at throw-away prices called as “ the largest garage sale in history”.

(ii)  Privatization took the control of many economic activities. The Old Russian system of social welfare was systematically destroyed.

(i) It is due to globalization that our traditional drinks “lassi, shikanji” etc. has been replaced by soft drinks like Coke and Pepsi.

(ii) Our traditional food habits of eating rice and chapaties have been overpowered by fast food like Pizza, Burger and Patties. Chowmin, Noodles, Pasta are more examples of changing food habits.

Environmental concerns that have become issues of global politics

(i) Throughout the world cultivable land is barely expanding any more. Besides, a substantial portion of existing agricultural land is loosingits fertility.

(ii) About 1.2 billion people in developing countries have no access to safe drinking water.

(iii) Natural forests are being cut down throughout the world which has disestablished the climate.

(iv) A steady decline in the total amount of Ozone is taking place in the earth’s stratosphere which is posing real danger to the eco system.

(a) -------- (ii)

(b) -------- (iv)

(c) -------- (i)

(d) -------- (iii)

i. India chose the policy of Non Alignment as it desired to be independent and sovereign in keeping and maintaining the foreign relations.

ii. The policy of Non Alignment is helping India to keep the balance of power and could get the help from both the Superpowers.