History: 2005: CBSE: [Delhi]: Set – I

(i) Bahadur Shah tried to conciliate the Sikhs, the Rajputs and the Marathas.
(ii) Bahadur Shah made peace with Chhatrasal, the Bundela chief. He adopted religious tolerance towards Hindu chiefs and created new alliances with them.

The Queen's proclamation of 1858, also known as Act of Parliament in 1858, declared that the power of East India Company was transferred to the British Crown. It brought about a lot of changes both in the administration of state and provinces. It promised that it would not intervene in the religious matters of the people.

Out of Syllabus (2007-08)

Out of Syllabus (2007-08)

Out of Syllabus (2007-008)

Out of Syllabus (2007-08)

Out of Syllabus (2007-08)

Out of Syllabus (2007-08)

 The Montague-Chelmsford Reforms, also known as the Government of India Act, 1919 paved the way for the emergence of the system of Dyarchy. Due to the Dyarchy, the powers in the Provinces were divided into two categories – (i) Reserved Subjects and (ii) Transferred Subjects.

The Reserved Subjects were to be administered by the Governor with the help of the members of the Executive and the Transferred Subjects were to be administered by the ministers appointed by the Governor from the elected members of the Legislature.

 The Act introduced a bicameral legislature at the centre. It consisted of the Council of States and the Legislative Assembly. The total member in the Legislative Assembly was to be   145 of which 105 were to be elected and the rest of members to be nominated.

The Nationalists were not satisfied with the changes introduced by the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms. Reacting to these reforms Indian nationalists launched the Non- Cooperation campaign 1920–22 .  But some of the Congress leaders like Surendranath Banerjee accepted the Reforms.

Lord Mountbatten came to India as Viceroy in March 1947. He tried to resolve the conflicts among leaders over the issue of partition. After a long discussion with leaders of the Congress and the Muslim League, he put forward his proposal. His proposals are known as the Mountbatten Plan.
(i) According to the plan, India was to become free from the British.

(ii) The country was to be partitioned between India and Pakistan, a separate country for Muslims.

(iii) The nationalist leaders agreed to the proposal in order to avoid a large scale communal violence and bloodshed between Hindus and Muslims.

(iv) But the Muslim league did not agree to the proposal and further demanded that the partition should be according to the proportion of Muslims in India.