English Core: 2019: CBSE: [Delhi]: Set - II

1.1. (i) (c) 80%

(ii) (b) 2015

(iii) (d) large molecule of polymers

(iv) (b) plastic bags and soda-can rings

(v) (c) California and Indonesia

1.2. (i) Discarded plastic bags, straws, foam beverage cups and bottles cause pollution in the sea.

(ii) Plastic in ocean damages marine ecosystem by harming the wildlife and introducing dangerous chemicals into it.

(iii) Microplastic is formed when discarded plastic breaks down into tiny fragments which can stick around for hundreds of years.

(iv) Plastic acts like a sponge that absorbs organic pollutants like pesticides and industrial chemicals.

(v) The biggest impact of plastic pollution is its effect on sea life. Many sea creatures like seals, turtles and even whales get entangled in plastic nets and starve to death.

(vi) Scientists are trying to reduce the plastic pollutants by trying to invent new materials that are safer for the environment.

1.3. (i) Plastic waste enters the ocean in many ways. When people litter, things like plastic bags, bottle, straws, foam beverage cups, etc. get carried to the sea by winds and waterways. 80% of the ocean plastic originates on land and the rest comes from marine industries and shipping.

(ii) Plastic is found everywhere in the world. There is no habitat or location without plastic. Plastic is used to make almost everything, such as shoes, clothing, household items, electronic things, etc.

(iii) Plastic is durable, water resistant, easily mouldable, easy to manufacture and cheap. However, its durability makes it a problem pollutant. It is used to make consumer goods because of its durability. However, plastic is not biodegradable and remains in the environment hundreds or even thousands of years.

(iv) According to Jambeck, cleanup efforts can keep the ocean cleaner and healthier. She believes that cleaning of the beaches (to remove plastic wastes) and proper recycling of plastic waste can clean the oceans. According to Jambeck people should opt for reusable water bottles, mugs and bags. They should also avoid the use of plastic and opt of things made with biodegradable materials like paper.

1.4. (i) dumped

(ii) unfortunately

(iii) resemble

2.1.

Notes:

Title: Importance of a Good Night’s Sleep

(A) Good Night’s sleep

(i) essential for brain health

(ii) 6-8 hrs sleep

(iii) Aging leads to stress & slp dprvn

(B) Lack of sleep

(i) afcts the memory

(ii) Go to bed 30-60 mints erly

(iii) Lie down & rlx by disctg urslf frm ur daily routine

(iv) to catch up slp dprvn

(C) Visit a doctor

(i) Insomnia afcts the ablty to rmbr

(ii) Depletes the immune sytm

(iii) Makes more accident prone & dprsd

(iv) Gd memory and mood improves slp ptrns

(v) Sleep issues if corctd can solve all prblms

(D) Stress Management

(i) esntl to max ur brain power

(ii) cultv the habit of taking time to rlx

(iii) 1-2 mins of deep breathing works wonders

(iv) best ideas emerge when mind is rlxd

(E) Meditation

(i) part of rlgs & sprtl life in Asia

(ii) Wstrn countries are adopting to dev. peace of mind and lower stress

(iii) regular mdtn - real sleep and hlth bnfts

(iv) protects brain against aging

Key to Abbreviations

Hrs = hours

slp dprvn = sleep deprivation

afcts = affects

mints = minutes

erly = early

& = and

rlx = relax

disctg = dissocating

urslf = yourself

frm =from

ur = your

ablty = ability

rmbr =remember

sytm = system

dprsd =depressed

slp ptrns = sleep patterns

prblms = problems

corctd = corrected

Gd = good

rlxd = relaxed

ur = your

esntl = essential

cultv = cultivate

rlgs & sprtl = religious and spiritual

Wstrn = Western

mdtn = meditation

hlth bnfts = health benefits

2.2. Summary

A good night’s sleep is essential for preserving the brain’s health. An average individual needs six to eight hours of sleep to avoid sleep deprivation which causes stress. Go to bed 30 to 60 minutes early and relax by dissociating from the daily routine work. Insomnia may lead to depletion of immunity, make accident prone and even cause depression. Stress management through relaxation and deep breathing can work wonders. Like Asia, people in the Western countries are adopting mediation for peace of mind and lowering stress. Regular meditation helps in sleep gain and protects brain aging.

Situations Vacant Required a well-qualified Mathematics teacher (TGT) for National Public School, Jaipur. MSc in Mathematics with B.Ed, minimum 3 years experience, fluency in English. Salary negotiable. Walk in with your resume from 1st April to 5th April 2019 between 11.00 a.m. and 5.00 p.m. Contact Principal 09878345902, Email: nationalpublicscholljaipur@gmail.com

or

Sunrise Public School Gurugram, Haryana NOTICE 15 March 2019 Drawing and Painting Competition The Arts Club, Sunrise public School, Gurugram is organising a drawing and painting competition for the students of classes 6 to 12. Date: 12 April 2019 Venue: The school auditorium Last date for registration: 5 April 2019 Participants should bring their water colour sets. Interested students can submit their names to the undersigned. Rishabh Sharma Secretary (Arts Club)

B- 7/9, Mall Road

Delhi

March 4, 2019

The Editor

The National Times

Delhi

Sub: Concern regarding the necessity of education and financial independence of women in our society

Dear Sir

Through the columns of your esteemed daily, I would like to draw your attention towards an issue which has haunted me since long.

I would like to state my concern towards the quality of women education in our country. The literacy rate of males and females indicates that women education is in a very poor state. A girl child is either not sent to schools or asked to discontinue after primary education. The girls are confined to the four walls of a house. Now is the time to break all barriers and educate the girl child. There is a saying that if a man is educated only he is educated but if a woman is educated the whole family is educated. Education of women and their financial independence is very essential for the growth of a country. Moreover, it is their constitutional right. An educated woman emerges as a dutiful citizen in the society, equipped with moral values, also generates income and helps her family members.

It is my humble request, to publish an article in your newspaper to create an awareness of this burning issue and ensure the best possible ways to educate women of our society.

Thanking You

Yours Faithfully

Taruna

OR

61- Pratap Enclave

Bangalore

March 4, 2019

The Manager

Mohan Sales

Ashok Vihar

Bangalore

Dear Sir

I purchased a Samsung refrigerator (190 liters) from your store in Jaya Nagar. I have enclosed a photocopy of my receipt for your reference. Unfortunately, after two months of its purchase the refrigerator is not functioning properly. The cooling has stopped and it makes a lot of noise. The water from the freezer continuously drains out on the floor. I have been a loyal Samsung customer for years and have always been perfectly satisfied and happy with my purchase. This is the first time something like this has happened with one of your products. I am hoping that you may be able to send me a replacement product or repair it as soon as possible.

Thanking you in advance.

Please contact me as soon as possible.

Regards

Shashi

I am speaking for the motion. Almost every person nowadays has access to the Internet connection. The Internet was created to make our lives more comfortable and for access to vast pool of knowledge. However, it has been exploited to such an extent that people are now wondering whether it is a bane or a boon. The nation’s youth especially, is adversely affected by the negative impact of internet probably because of their vulnerable minds.

With ease of use comes a deadly side-effect: addiction. Today’s youth is tech-savvy. Constantly checking new messages, refreshing FB news feed repeatedly and playing games and chatting online all night are actions not unusual. The Internet is taking over the minds of the youth, who seem to be unable to function at all without it. It is increasingly becoming an unhealthy habit which needs to be curbed.

One may have hoped that exposure to the Internet would bring the best in the youth. Virtual establishment of relations has led to personality issues in many youngsters. They fear face-to-face conversation, and feel more comfortable when interacting through a screen. Trust, self-confidence and happiness are not found on a virtual page. The Internet has had a huge impact on intra-personal and inter-personal relationships. Creative blocks, insomnia, and insecurity are a result of excessive use of internet. There is a lot to lose, but far more to gain from the Internet. Learn to use it properly.

OR

Due to increasing air pollution in the metros these days, and specially smog in winters, we avoid going for morning and evening walks or exercising in a field or park. For growing children, physical exercise is a must for their physical and mental growth. In such a situation, indoor games play a very important role in maintaining good health. Schools provide facilities such as basketball field, badminton court, table tennis room, etc. so that besides studies, students can also play in the school. The most common saying “Healthy mind lives in a healthy body” is so true because for a man to be successful, his physical as well as mental state should remain fit. Sports remove stress and provide relaxation to our mind and body. Participating in sports helps us tackle the problems such as hardships, hurdles, sudden miseries etc. Sports improve blood circulation of our body too. Sports increase the team spirit quality in a human being. Sports teach us the value of time. It teaches us the value of a minute as well as a second also. Sports offer us a change from our mundane routine. Playing is the great source of entertainment also.

Importance of Hard Work and Punctuality

By Kavya

Time decides whether a person fails or succeeds. A person who does not respect time and doesn’t understand the worth of hard work, never finds respect and success in his or her life. Hard work teaches us dedication and discipline. It also makes us value other successful people. It is impolite and rude to keep someone waiting for you. Punctuality implies timeliness, i.e. doing things on time. It is one of the keys to become successful in life. Those who are punctual are always one step ahead of others. People admire them and get inspiration from them. We should understand that there is no substitute for hard work. We can take an example of famous people like Steve Jobs, Oprah Winfrey and so on. They are epitome of hard work and punctuality. Those who are always late or those who procrastinate suffer in every field of life, be it personal, social, or professional. Students need to understand the value of time. They need to understand this fact to grow in life. Punctuality is an important component of time management. Therefore, if you intend to lead a successful life, you should learn to be punctual and hard working.

OR

Blood Donation Camp

Monica Gupta

Mumbai, 12 March, 2019: 'For your Health', a Mumbai based NGO, organized a Blood Donation Camp on the occasion of its silver jubilee last Sunday. About 40 boys had volunteered for donating blood. At about 10 am, a team of doctors of Global Hospital arrived in the school. The Camp had been organized in the School Auditorium. After the preliminary check-up of the blood donors, they were instructed to lie down on individual beds. The teachers and staffs at the school initiated the donation process. Soon, the students started donating blood. Many other staffs and independent volunteers were assisting the team of doctors. There was a kind of commotion in the camp for some time. Few looked excited while few who donated for the first time were a bit inhibited too. But at the completion of the process, they were equally delighted. After the blood donation, each student was given refreshments. They were also provided a note pad from the organization as a reward. At the end, each blood donor was given a card. The volunteers of the NGO, doctors and the Principal thanked all the students for contributing for a noble cause.

(i) Poet: Kamala Das; Poem: My Mother at Sixty-Six

(ii) In her childhood the poet was afraid of losing her mother.

(iii) The poetic device used in these lines is simile. The dull and lifeless face of the mother is compared to a late winter's moon.

(iv) The poet compares her mother' face with the late winter moon. In winter the moon loses its brightness behind fog and mist. The pale waning winter moon symbolizes decay and death.

OR

(i) The unlucky heir refers to the little boy from the slum.

(ii) He has inherited a disfigured, gnarled and diseased body.

(iii) A sweet little fellow was sitting at the back of the dim class unnoticed and unobserved by all.

(iv) The boy sitting at the back is different from the rest of the class because his eyes are not full of despair. He is lost in a world of his dreams.

(i) The village elders occupied the last benches in the classroom to thank Mr. Hamel for his forty years of faithful service and show their respect for the country that was no more theirs. Franz felt that like him, they too were sorry for not having gone to school often.

(ii) Douglas was ten or eleven years old when he decided to learn swimming. He could swim in the Yakima River or the Y.M.C.A. pool. The Yakima River was dangerous. There were many incidents of people drowning in the river. So, he chose the Y.M.C.A. pool which was considered safe.

(iii) On Gandhiji’s appeal for teachers, two young disciples of Gandhi, Mahadev Desai and Narhari Parikh and their wives volunteered themselves for work. Primary schools were opened in six villages. Kasturba taught the ashram rules on personal hygiene and community cleanliness. She also talked to women about their filthy clothes. Gandhi got a doctor to volunteer his services for six months.

(iv) The ten-day-old Jilani Jung Jung Bahadur uttered, “O wise prophets!” Everyone stood motionless with astonishment and stupidity. The infant said that all those who are born will die one day. So he did not need their predictions to know that. He asked them if they could tell him the manner of his death. The chief astrologer was surprised. He placed his finger on his nose in wonder.

(v) Torn between his duty and his integrity as a doctor, Dr. Sadao chooses to save the life of an escaped American prisoner of war first and then hand him over to the police. He was able to protect his patriotism by informing the General about the matter.

(vi) Jack is not used to his authority being questioned and so is confused by Jo’s questioning at the end of his story. He cannot accept the fact that Jo now has a mind of her own. His dominant nature comes across in his dealings with his daughter and wife.

(i) The glass bangle industry of Firozabad employs children and they work in a very unhealthy and hazardous condition. While working the bangle industry they face a lot of problems. The impoverished workers in the glass industry toil in potentially hazardous working conditions while welding. The tiny glass particles in the air slowly affect their health. The furnaces they work in have extremely high temperatures and lack proper ventilation. The dingy cells with high temperatures are very harmful to their eye sight. Persistently working in the low light conditions, without any protective eye gear, leaves them blind. Burns and cuts are quite common. The children are prone to ailments like lung cancer. Almost twenty thousand children work in the hot furnaces, often losing the brightness of their eyes.

(ii) The Peddler was always treated with contempt in the society. He believed in giving back to the world what he received from it. So he never did anything good to anyone.

When Edla looked at the peddler, she met him quite compassionately. She knew he was afraid. So she assured him that no harm would come to him and he would be allowed to leave just as freely as he came. Her friendly manner made the peddler feel confidence in her and accepted the invitation.

However Edla's kind behaviour finally changed his heart. She had treated him very well at her house. The trust that Edla showed in him made him change his ways and he decided to live a respectful life. He repaid her good treatment with 30 kronors and a small rattrap. Elda was happy to note that after all he had changed.

(iii) Sophie dreamt about owning a boutique in the city and wanted to earn a lot of money by becoming a manager. She also wanted to be an actress for all the glamour and luxury which the profession offers. She liked to dream a lot but without working hard to achieve those dreams. She used to imagine being with Danny Casey, the Irish Football player. Such dreams were unrealistic as it was based on hero worship.

Sophie and Jansie were classmates and close friends. While Sophie liked to day dream a lot, Jansie was a practical girl. When she heard of Sophie’s dreams she knew instantly that they would both end up working in the biscuit factory. She had forbid Sophie to not indulge so much in hero worship so as to lose the difference between dream and reality.

(i) Both Mr. Lamb and Derry suffer from physical impairment. Mr. Lamb has an artificial leg made of tin and Derry has a severely burnt face. Both the experiences have been terribly painful for the respective sufferers. Mr. Lamb takes things in his stride and accepts his handicap with poise and equanimity. He does not bother when children make fun of him. He takes life as it comes without grumbling. He keeps the gates of his house and windows open. Mr. Lamb loves all the creatures of God and states, ‘There’s nothing God made that doesn’t interest me’.

Derry, on the other hand, is a young boy of fourteen who is conscious of his ugly face and is full of bitterness. Derry is withdrawn and suffers from deep seated inferiority complex. He hates meeting people. He suffers on account of the pain caused by his notions of how much people hate him and are repulsed by him. Derry is inspired by Mr. Lamb to see that actions are more important than looks and even weeds have their value.

(ii) The Governor appears to be a considerate fellow as he arranges for an O-Level exam for a prisoner infamous for his ability to escape from the prison. However, he makes every arrangement to make sure that Evans does not escape. Although he frequently worries about being suspicious, all of his intuitions prove correct, suggesting that his pride repeatedly stood in the way of his ability to effectively carry out his duties as Governor. The Governor has presence of mind which is clear from the fact that he cross-examines every call that was made to the prison that day. He is intelligent enough to realise that he has been duped but could not judge the extent of the deception. He gets a little over-confident when he tells himself that Evans had no chance of escaping. He is short tempered and gets infuriated with his officers when Evans runs away. At last, he redeems himself when he tracks Evans down at the Golden Lion Hotel without help from anyone—though he is outsmarted once again when he sends Evans back to prison in a van driven by the criminal’s two accomplices. His over confidence and self-praise let him down.

(iii) Bama strolled in the marketplace as she saw a variety of interesting things which fascinated her. She saw the dried fish stall, the sweet stall and the stall selling fried snacks. Then there were wild lemurs, needles, clay beads and instruments for cleaning out the ears on sale. She loved to watch the waiters cool the coffee and the chopping up of onions. The bazaar on the way home was always buzzing with activities. The snake charmer, street plays, puppet shows and stunt performances were a few interesting things going on there.

One day, Bama saw an elderly man of her street walking with a small packet, holding it by its strings without touching it. When she saw him she felt like laughing aloud. He went straight to the landlord, bowed to him and extended the packet to him, cupping his hands that held the string with his other hand.