Chemistry:2017:CBSE:[Delhi]:Set-III

(i) There will be no effect of catalyst on Gibbs energy (ΔG) of a reaction.

(ii) A catalyst reduces the activation energy by providing alternate path for reaction to proceed.

Both physisorption and chemisorption depend on the surface area of the adsorbent and both increase with increase of surface area of the adsorbent.

The group number of Manganese (Mn) is 7. Therefore, the formula of an oxo-anion of manganese (Mn) in which it shows the oxidation state 7 is MnO₄^–. Oxidation state of Mn in MnO₄^– can be calculated as follows:

Mn + (-2 x 4) = –1

Mn – 8 = –1

Mn = –1 + 8

                                                     Mn = +7

It shows that the oxidation of Mn in MnO₄^– is +7 which is equal to its group number which is 7.

The IUPAC name of the compound is:

N,N-dimethylethanamine

(i) Clemmensen reduction: When aldehydes or ketones are treated with zinc-amalgam and concentrated HCl, they are reduced to the corresponding hydrocarbons.

(ii) Cannizzaro reaction: Aldehydes that do not have an a-hydrogen atom undergo self oxidation and reduction on treatment with a concentrated alkali.

(i) H₄P₂O₇

(ii)  X_eOF₄

(i) Abnormal molar mass:  Due to association or dissociation of molecules, the molar mass of a substance calculated from its colligative property is either lower or higher than the expected or normal value. Such molar mass is known as abnormal molar mass.

(ii) van’t Hoff factor : The extent of dissociation or association of molecules was determined by van’t Hoff. He introduced a factor called van’t Hoff factor (i).

van’t Hoff factor is the ratio of the observed (experimental) value of a colligative property to the normal (calculated) value of the same property.